Illustration for teaching or scientific research (Art. 5.3(a) InfoSoc)

This (optional) exception or limitation allows any user to reproduce, communicate to the public and make available to the public works and other protected subject matter (other than databases and software), for the sole purpose of illustration for teaching or scientific research and to the extent justified by the non-commercial purpose (of the activity as such) to be achieved. The source and the author's name must be indicated unless this turns out to be impossible.

This exception has been implemented in the following Member States:

In Belgium in Art. XI.191/1 3.º, 4.º, 6.º and 8.º, Art. XI.191/2 1.º, 2.º and 4.º, Art. XI.217/1 3.º, 4.º, 5.º and 7.º Code of Economic Law
In Latvia in Article 19(1) 2) and 4), Article 21, Article 212 and Article 54(3) 2) of the Copyright Act
In France in L.122-5(12.º) and L.211-3(3.º)(e) of the Code of Intellectual Property
In Estonia in §19(1)(2), §19(1)(3), §19(1)(³) and §75(1)(2) of the Copyright Act
In Hungary in §34(2), §34(3)(a), §34(3)(b), §35(5), §68(2) and §83(2) of the Copyright Act
In Croatia in §34(2), §34(3)(b), §35(5) and §83(2) of the Copyright Act
In Czech Republic in §31(1)(c) and §35(2) of the Copyright Act
In Poland in Article 27 and Article 100 of the Copyright and Related Rights Act
In Germany in § 60a Unterricht und Lehre, § 60b Unterrichts- und Lehrmedien, § 60c Wissenschaftliche Forschung, §60d Text und Data Mining
In The Netherlands in Artikel 12(5) en Artikel 16 Auteurswet
In Portugal in Article 75(2) (f) and (h) and Article 189 (1)(c) Código do Direito de Autor e dos Direitos Conexos
In Bulgaria in Article 24, para 1, p.3 of the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Law (Член 24, ал.1, т.3 от Закона за авторското право и сродните му права)
In Greece in Article 21 of Law 2121/1993, Intellectual Property, Related Rights and Cultural Issues (updated up to the Law 4672/2020)
In Italy in Art. 70(1), Art. 70(1-bis), Art. 70-bis(1) Law for the Protection of Copyright and Neighboring Rights